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CATARACT: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THIS

 

Overview

Cataract is an eye condition where the lens of your eye becomes cloudy. Some proteins are produced by the eye's cilliary muscles that make the lens cloudy, making the lens opaque.
This results in vision loss or less vision.

When light enters your eyes, it goes through the lens to the retina, from where it's sent to the brain and we see things. When the lens becomes cloudy, a proper amount of light cannot pass, hence hampering the vision. 

It develops slowly over time and can develop in both the eyes. But it generally doesn't grow in both eyes together. About 10 million people get affected by cataract in the world every year. It is the cause of blindness in 33 percent cases in the world.

Types
There are various types of cataracts. The symptoms of each of them are similar, they are just different in their growth patterns or their cause of growth.

1.Congenital Cataract is a condition when a baby is born with cataract in one or both the eyes or cataract develops during the first year development.

2. Age Related Cataract or Nuclear Cataract is the normal cataract condition which happens when you grow old.

3. Traumatic Cataract is a cataract condition that occurs due to a trauma or injury in the eye.

4. Secondary Cataract is a type of cataract that occurs as a result of some other medical condition like diabetes. It can also develop due to UV light or radiation exposure.

Causes

Cataract can be caused due to various reasons. It can be triggered by something or can be congenital. Here are some causes.

1. Age
2. UV Radiation
3. Trauma or Eye injury
4. Long term usage of steroids
6. Overproduction of oxidants in the body
7. Smoking
8. Drinking

Symptoms

Whatever the type, the symptoms of all the cataracts are similar. They are not very difficult to judge because the symptoms can only be seen when the development of cataract is about 30 to 35 percent complete. Here are its symptoms.

1.Double vision
2. Blurry Vision
3. Halos around objects 
4. Excess sensitivity towards white bright light
5. Increased sensitivity towards glare
6. Low night vision
7. Seeing faded colours
8. Trouble with eye glasses
9. Nearsightedness
10. Cloudy, foggy or filmy vision 

Risk Factors

There are some people who are at more risk of developing a cataract than others. Some of those people are who have any of the following conditions.
1.Diabetes
2. Blood pressure
3. Alcoholic
4. Smoking
5. Older age
6. Previous eye injury
7. too much sun
8. Family history of cataract

Treatment

Cataract is not an untreatable condition. It can be treated according to the intensity and thickness of the film in the eye. If the thickness is less, that is, the cataract is diagnosed at its earliest stages then it can be treated with medications and glasses only, but in correct dosage. 
If the cataract film is thick then it can be removed by a surgery.
The surgery for cataract is done on an outpatient basis. In this, the surgery is done within hours and patients are sent home after that. They have to take various necessary precautions and have to go for regular eye checkup.

Conclusion

Cataract is not a life threatening disease but it's dangerous because if not treated properly and on time, it can cause complete blindness. If you have any symptoms that are mentioned above, consult an eye doctor before it's too late.

Stay Safe, Stay Healthy and fit and Stay tuned for more.

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